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A. Well Cut - When a diamond is cut to proper mathematical proportions, light is reflected from one facet to another and then dispersed through the top of the stone. Within the Well Cut standards is the grading category of Excellent.
B. Deep Cut - When the cut of a diamond is too deep, some light escapes through the opposite side of the pavilion. A Deep Cut would fall in the grading category of Good.
C. Shallow Cut - When the cut of a diamond is too shallow, light escapes through the pavilion before it can be reflected. A Shallow Cut would fall in the grading category of Fair.
The 3 Grades
1. Excellent (Ideal) - Strict standards and mathematical proportions combine the best in brilliance and fire. Technically, the head of the class.
2. Good - These stones are excellent for all jewelry uses because they reflect a good portion of the light that enters the stone.
3. Fair - These stones reflect about 40% of the light that enters it, and so while the size is nice, it lacks high brilliance.
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The cut of a diamond refers to its proportions. Of the 4C's, the cut is the aspect most directly influenced by man. The other three are dictated by nature. Quite often the cut of a diamond is confused with its shape. Diamonds are cut into various shapes depending upon the original form of the uncut diamond, which is referred to as "rough." Whatever the shape, a well-cut diamond is better able to reflect light. A diamond's ability to reflect light determines its display of fire and brilliance. Diamonds are usually cut with 58 facets, or separate flat surfaces. These facets follow a mathematical formula and are placed at precise angles in relation to each other. This relationship is designed to maximize the amount of light reflected through the diamond and to increase its beauty. Below are some examples of various diamond shapes and the explanation of a diamonds cut depth and grade.
